Publications

@article{Alfred2019,

title = {Learning in simulated environments: An assessment of 4-week retention outcomes},

author = {Myrtede C Alfred and David M Neyens and Anand K Gramopadhye},

doi = {10.1016/J.APERGO.2018.08.002},

issn = {0003-6870},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Applied Ergonomics},

volume = {74},

pages = {107-117},

publisher = {Elsevier},

abstract = {Simulations offer the benefits of a safer and more accessible learning environment, where learners can practice until the point of proficiency. While research into the effectiveness of simulations as learning tools has found tangible benefits, fewer studies have examined retention and differences between high and low fidelity simulations. This research sought to supplement the literature in this domain by investigating whether participants who learned to construct an electrical circuit using a 2D or 3D breadboard simulation could achieve comparable learning, transfer, and retention outcomes to those who learned using a physical breadboard. The influence of learner characteristics - cognitive ability and goal orientation - were also evaluated. This study had two parts: a cross-sectional portion that examined learning and transfer outcomes and a longitudinal portion that examined retention outcomes after a 2 and 4-week period. The cross-sectional analysis included 70 participants and the longitudinal analysis included 40 participants. The results found that the physical fidelity of the learning environment significantly impacted several transfer outcomes (construction and construction time) but not retention outcomes. Cognitive ability was a significant predictor of learning (gain score, circuit design score) and retention (posttest scores, construction time) outcomes. Learning goal orientation significantly predicted circuit construction over time and measurement occasion significantly predicted posttest scores and interacted with fidelity to predict circuit design score. The study demonstrated that simulated environments can lead to comparable, or better, proficiency than physical environments. These findings have implications for the design and implementation of simulated environments, specifically for courses delivered in an online setting.},

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}

@article{Azadi2018,

title = {Forecasting Childhood Routine Immunization Vaccine Demand: A Case Study in Niger},

author = {Zahra Azadi and David M Neyens and Sandra Ekşioǧlu},

url = {http://libproxy.clemson.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/forecasting-childhood-routine-immunization/docview/2553579070/se-2?accountid=6167},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {IIE Annual Conference. Proceedings},

pages = {1837-1842},

publisher = {Institute of Industrial and Systems Engineers (IISE)},

abstract = {Effective distribution of vaccines from manufacturers to clinics is challenging. One of the main challenges is the stochastic nature of demand for vaccines. In many low- or middle-income countries the demand for vaccine is growing exponentially because of an increasing birth rate. This demand is met via supplies from international organizations that coordinate shipments from multiple different resources. This complicates vaccine distribution planning. An efficient distribution plan requires an accurate demand forecast. The objective of this study is to build predictive models to meet requirements for various childhood immunization vaccines (CIV). Data from the Demographic Health Surveys in Niger and Niger Census are used in regression models to predict monthly demand for CIV per region. The population size, the percentage of population under poverty line, the adult literacy rate, and the number of clinics were selected as independent variables. The results suggest that, vaccine type, as well as, the social and economic characteristics of a region impact the demand for vaccination, and should be considered in vaccine distribution planning. The results of this study provide support tools for policymakers to design vaccine distribution networks.},

note = {Name - United Nations Childrens Fund--UNICEF 

Copyright - Copyright Institute of Industrial and Systems Engineers (IISE) 2018 

Last updated - 2021-07-21 

SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Niger},

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pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Jurewicz2018,

title = {Investigating Intraoperative and Intraprofessional Handoffs in Anesthesia},

author = {Katherina Jurewicz and Myrtede Alfred and David M Neyens and Ken Catchpole and Anjali Joseph and Scott T Reeves},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1177/1541931218621107},

doi = {10.1177/1541931218621107},

issn = {2169-5067},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting},

volume = {62},

pages = {469-473},

publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc},

abstract = {Handoffs occur frequently in healthcare systems, and miscommunications and critical omissions within handoffs have been linked to serious medical errors. Handoff quality is a priority of patient safety initiatives across several international organizations. The majority of previous research in handoffs have focused on postoperative handoffs; yet, there is a need to specifically investigate intraoperative handoffs, especially within individual professions or subspecialties. Each subspecialty within a surgical team may approach handoffs differently. The anesthesia team is especially unique as they take a team-based approach to patient care where multiple anesthesia providers may be involved in one surgical case. We describe an observational study of intraoperative and intraprofessional handoffs in anesthesia. Temporary and permanent handoffs were investigated as well as the contextual elements that influenced handoff procedures. In a sample of 35 video recorded surgeries, a total of 16 handoffs were identified for the maintenance phase of surgery. These handoffs ranged between 33 seconds and 7.42 minutes in duration. Our study revealed variability in intraoperative handoffs during the maintenance phase of anesthesia and emphasizes that intraoperative and intraprofessional handoffs warrant more in-depth examination in order to develop effective strategies or tools for high quality handoffs in anesthesia.},

note = {doi: 10.1177/1541931218621107},

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pubstate = {published},

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}

@article{Zinouri2018,

title = {Modelling and forecasting daily surgical case volume using time series analysis},

author = {Nazanin Zinouri and Kevin M Taaffe and David M Neyens},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/20476965.2017.1390185},

doi = {10.1080/20476965.2017.1390185},

issn = {2047-6965},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Health Systems},

volume = {7},

pages = {111-119},

publisher = {Taylor & Francis},

note = {doi: 10.1080/20476965.2017.1390185},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Bayramzadeh2018,

title = {The Impact of Operating Room Layout on Circulating Nurse’s Work Patterns and Flow Disruptions: A Behavioral Mapping Study},

author = {Sara Bayramzadeh and Anjali Joseph and Dee San and Amin Khoshkenar and Kevin Taaffe and Roxana Jafarifiroozabadi and David M Neyens},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1177/1937586717751124},

doi = {10.1177/1937586717751124},

issn = {1937-5867},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {HERD: Health Environments Research & Design Journal},

volume = {11},

pages = {124-138},

publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc},

abstract = {Aim:To assess how the adjacencies of functionally different areas within operating rooms (ORs) can influence the circulating nurse?s (CN) workflow patterns and disruptions.Background:The CN plays a significant role in promoting patient safety during surgical procedures by observing, monitoring, and managing potential threats at and around the surgical field. Their work requires constant movement to different parts of the OR to support team members. The layout of the OR and crowded and cluttered environment might impact the CN?s workflow and cause disruptions during the surgery.Method:A convenience sample of 25 surgeries were video recorded and thematically coded for CN?s activities, locations, and flow disruptions. The OR layout was categorized into transitional zones and functional zones (workstations, supply zones, support zones, and sterile areas around the surgical table). CN?s activities were classified into patient-, equipment-, material-, and information-related activities. Flow disruptions included those related to environmental hazards and layout.Results:The CN traveled through multiple zones during 91% of the activities. The CN?s workstation acted as a main hub from which the CN made frequent trips to both sides of the surgical table, the foot of the OR table, supply zones, and support zones. Transitional zones accounted for 58.3% of all flow disruption that the CN was involved in whereas 28% occurred in areas surrounding the OR bed.Conclusion:The similarity of the movement and flow disruption patterns, despite variations in OR layout, highlighted the adjacencies required between major zones that CNs regularly visit. These optimum adjacencies should be considered while designing ORs such that they are more efficient and safer.},

note = {doi: 10.1177/1937586717751124},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Jurewicz2018b,

title = {Developing a 3D Gestural Interface for Anesthesia-Related Human-Computer Interaction Tasks Using Both Experts and Novices},

author = {Katherina A Jurewicz and David M Neyens and Ken Catchpole and Scott T Reeves},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1177/0018720818780544},

doi = {10.1177/0018720818780544},

issn = {0018-7208},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Human Factors},

volume = {60},

pages = {992-1007},

publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc},

abstract = {Objective:The purpose of this research was to compare gesture-function mappings for experts and novices using a 3D, vision-based, gestural input system when exposed to the same context of anesthesia tasks in the operating room (OR).Background:3D, vision-based, gestural input systems can serve as a natural way to interact with computers and are potentially useful in sterile environments (e.g., ORs) to limit the spread of bacteria. Anesthesia providers? hands have been linked to bacterial transfer in the OR, but a gestural input system for anesthetic tasks has not been investigated.Methods:A repeated-measures study was conducted with two cohorts: anesthesia providers (i.e., experts) (N = 16) and students (i.e., novices) (N = 30). Participants chose gestures for 10 anesthetic functions across three blocks to determine intuitive gesture-function mappings. Reaction time was collected as a complementary measure for understanding the mappings.Results:The two gesture-function mapping sets showed some similarities and differences. The gesture mappings of the anesthesia providers showed a relationship to physical components in the anesthesia environment that were not seen in the students? gestures. The students also exhibited evidence related to longer reaction times compared to the anesthesia providers.Conclusion:Domain expertise is influential when creating gesture-function mappings. However, both experts and novices should be able to use a gesture system intuitively, so development methods need to be refined for considering the needs of different user groups.Application:The development of a touchless interface for perioperative anesthesia may reduce bacterial contamination and eventually offer a reduced risk of infection to patients.},

note = {doi: 10.1177/0018720818780544},

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pubstate = {published},

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}

@article{Alfred2018,

title = {Comparing learning outcomes in physical and simulated learning environments},

author = {Myrtede Alfred and David M Neyens and Anand K Gramopadhye},

doi = {10.1016/J.ERGON.2018.07.002},

issn = {0169-8141},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics},

volume = {68},

pages = {110-117},

publisher = {Elsevier},

abstract = {The use of 2D and 3D simulated learning environments in education and training has increased significantly in the past decade. Simulated learning environments provide several advantages over physical learning environments including increased safety and accessibility. Simulated learning environments can also be utilized in an online setting, increasing the efficiency of delivery, access, and supporting greater personalization of the learning process. Despite a long history of use in workforce education, researchers have questioned whether simulations provide learners with the same quality of education as physical learning environments. This research investigated how learning to construct electrical circuits using a 2D simulation, a 3D simulation or a physical breadboard impacted learning outcomes. Additionally, this study examined the influence of learner characteristics, cognitive ability and goal orientation, on the relationship between the simulated learning environments and learning outcomes. The study utilized a pretest-posttest between subjects design and included 48 participants. Results suggest that learning to construct a circuit with physical components results in higher self-efficacy, faster construction times, and higher odds of correct construction than learning in a 2D or 3D simulation. Participants in the three conditions achieved comparable results in terms of cognitive outcomes; the differences identified were based on cognitive ability and goal orientation. There were no significant differences in outcomes achieved between participants in the 2D and 3D simulations. Implications for the design of simulated learning environments and potential impact for online technical curriculum are discussed. Relevance to industry: This study supports the evaluation of using online educational technology to learn technical skills. This is relevant to workforce education, especially with a diverse and distributed workforce that requires technical training.},

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@article{Alfred2017,

title = {Learning in Simulated Environments: A Comparison to Learning in a Physical Environments Using Video Data Analysis},

author = {Myrtede Alfred and Moris Lee and David M Neyens and Anand K Gramopadhye},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601940},

doi = {10.1177/1541931213601940},

issn = {2169-5067},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting},

volume = {61},

pages = {1839-1843},

publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc},

abstract = {Few studies that have evaluated the efficacy of learning in simulated environments have also examined differences in the processes that learners in the simulated environments employed to arrive at the outcomes being measured. In this video analysis study, the researchers sought to understand whether there were differences in the construction process used by participants who learned to construct circuits using a 2D simulation, a 3D simulation, or a physical breadboard and whether these differences subsequently impacted several learning outcomes. The researchers systematically reviewed 30 videos (10 videos per condition) of participants? circuit construction to identify variations in their comprehension level and their construction procedures. The study found differences in the construction process, odds of successful construction, and construction time for participants in the three conditions that could be attributed to differences in fidelity. These findings provide valuable insights about how learning in simulated environments impact proficiency and learning and can help improve the design of simulated learning environments.},

note = {doi: 10.1177/1541931213601940},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

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@article{Jurewicz2017,

title = {Mapping 3D Gestural Inputs to Traditional Touchscreen Interface Designs within the Context of Anesthesiology},

author = {Katherina Jurewicz and David M Neyens},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601660},

doi = {10.1177/1541931213601660},

issn = {2169-5067},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting},

volume = {61},

pages = {696-700},

publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc},

abstract = {Gestures are a natural means of every day human-human communication, and with the advances in gestural input technology, there is an opportunity to investigate gestures as a means of communicating with computers and other devices. The primary benefit of gestural input technology is that it facilitates a touchless interaction, so the ideal market demand for this technology is an environment where touch needs to be minimized. The perfect example of an environment that discourages touch are sterile or clean environments, such as operating rooms (ORs). Healthcare-associated infections are a great burden to the healthcare system, and gestural input technology can decrease the number of surfaces, computers, and other devices that a healthcare provider comes in contact with, thus reducing the likelihood of bacterial contamination. The objective of this research was to map 3D gestural inputs to traditional touchscreen interface designs within the context of anesthesiology. An experimental study was conducted to elicit intuitive gestures from users and assess the cognitive complexity of ten typical functions of anesthesia providers. Intuitive gestures were observed in six out of the ten functions without any cognitive complexity concerns. Two functions, of the remaining four, demonstrated a higher-level gesture mapping with no cognitive complexity concerns. Overall, gestural input technology demonstrated promise for the ten functions of anesthesia providers in the operating room, and future research will continue investigating the application of gestural input technology for anesthesiology in the OR.},

note = {doi: 10.1177/1541931213601660},

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pubstate = {published},

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@article{Shen2017,

title = {Factors affecting teen drivers' crash-related length of stay in the hospital},

author = {Sijun Shen and David M Neyens},

doi = {10.1016/J.JTH.2016.12.005},

issn = {2214-1405},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Transport & Health},

volume = {4},

pages = {162-170},

publisher = {Elsevier},

abstract = {Teen drivers have higher rates of traffic crashes and crash-related hospitalization than other driver groups. Crash-related hospital length of stay (LOS) is not only a measure of financial costs and level of injury severity but also longer term effects following a traffic crash. Thus, it is important to investigate the effects of crash factors on the crash-related hospital length of stay of this driver group. The South Carolina Crash Outcome Data Evaluation System (SC CODES) from 2005 to 2007 was used to construct zero-inflated negative binomial regression models to predict teen drivers’ hospital length of stay based on the corresponding crash characteristics. The results found that not wearing a seatbelt increased male teen drivers’ probability of being admitted to the hospital by 79.2% and their LOS by 40.5%. In addition, distracted male drivers had 51.42% lower odds to be admitted to the hospital than male drivers who were not distracted, whereas female distracted drivers had 34.6% higher odds to be admitted to the hospital than female drivers who were not distracted. Not wearing a seatbelt, drug use, and speeding are associated with a higher likelihood of being admitted to the hospital or longer hospital length of stay for both male and female teen drivers. Fatigued driving and driving at night are two factors unique to male teen drivers which increase their likelihood of being admitted to the hospital. Evaluating the implications of crash factors on hospital admissions and length of stay increases our understanding of crash factors and their safety consequences.},

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pubstate = {published},

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@article{Shen2017b,

title = {Assessing drivers' response during automated driver support system failures with non-driving tasks},

author = {Sijun Shen and David M Neyens},

doi = {10.1016/J.JSR.2017.02.009},

issn = {0022-4375},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Safety Research},

volume = {61},

pages = {149-155},

publisher = {Pergamon},

abstract = {Introduction With the increase in automated driver support systems, drivers are shifting from operating their vehicles to supervising their automation. As a result, it is important to understand how drivers interact with these automated systems and evaluate their effect on driver responses to safety critical events. This study aimed to identify how drivers responded when experiencing a safety critical event in automated vehicles while also engaged in non-driving tasks. Method In total 48 participants were included in this driving simulator study with two levels of automated driving: (a) driving with no automation and (b) driving with adaptive cruise control (ACC) and lane keeping (LK) systems engaged; and also two levels of a non-driving task (a) watching a movie or (b) no non-driving task. In addition to driving performance measures, non-driving task performance and the mean glance duration for the non-driving task were compared between the two levels of automated driving. Results Drivers using the automated systems responded worse than those manually driving in terms of reaction time, lane departure duration, and maximum steering wheel angle to an induced lane departure event. These results also found that non-driving tasks further impaired driver responses to a safety critical event in the automated system condition. Conclusion In the automated driving condition, driver responses to the safety critical events were slower, especially when engaged in a non-driving task. Practical application Traditional driver performance variables may not necessarily effectively and accurately evaluate driver responses to events when supervising autonomous vehicle systems. Thus, it is important to develop and use appropriate variables to quantify drivers' performance under these conditions.},

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@article{Catchpole2017,

title = {Framework for direct observation of performance and safety in healthcare},

author = {Ken Catchpole and David M Neyens and James Abernathy and David Allison and Anjali Joseph and Scott T Reeves},

url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28971880 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6452433/},

doi = {10.1136/bmjqs-2016-006407},

issn = {2044-5423},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {BMJ quality & safety},

volume = {26},

pages = {1015-1021},

edition = {2017/09/28},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Betza2016,

title = {Anesthesia Maintenance and Vigilance: Examining Task Switching},

author = {Scott M Betza and Katherina A Jurewicz and David M Neyens and Sara L Riggs and James H Abernathy and Scott T Reeves},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601139},

doi = {10.1177/1541931213601139},

issn = {2169-5067},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting},

volume = {60},

pages = {608-612},

publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc},

abstract = {Limited research has focused on vigilance during the maintenance phase of anesthesia work. The goal of this study was to identify anesthesia maintenance tasks and to identify the transitions between these tasks within the perspective of the vigilance paradigm. In this study, three bariatric surgeries were recorded and analyzed using a task categorization structure. Across the surgeries the primary anesthesia provider spent 71% of their time doing patient or display monitoring tasks. Task frequency and transition visualizations were generated to identify trends in the task switching. Transitions between the task categories occurred approximately once every nine seconds for the primary anesthesia provider. Additionally, it appears that regardless of the task, there was a high frequency of task transitions to looking at the visual displays and then from the visual displays towards the patient. The results of this study emphasize the importance of vigilance for anesthesia display design.},

note = {doi: 10.1177/1541931213601139},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Hobbs2016,

title = {Visitor characteristics and alcohol-based hand sanitizer dispenser locations at the hospital entrance: Effect on visitor use rates},

author = {Mary A Hobbs and Susan Robinson and David M Neyens and Connie Steed},

doi = {10.1016/J.AJIC.2015.10.041},

issn = {0196-6553},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {American Journal of Infection Control},

volume = {44},

pages = {258-262},

publisher = {Mosby},

abstract = {Background Hospital visitors' hand hygiene (HH) is an important aspect of preventing health care-associated infections, but little is known about visitors' use of alcohol-based hand sanitizers (AHS). The study aim was to examine if use of AHS is influenced by visitor characteristics and the location of AHS within the lobby of a large hospital. Methods An observational study was conducted with AHS placed in 3 different locations. The data included visitor characteristics and if AHS were used. Results The results suggest that visitors are 5.28 times (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.68-7.82) more likely to use AHS when dispensers are located in the middle of the lobby with limited landmarks or barriers, 1.35 times more likely to use the AHS in the afternoon compared with the morning, or when they are younger visitors (adjusted odds ratio, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.09-1.97). Individuals in a group are more likely (adjusted odds ratio, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.06-1.84) to use AHS. Discussion In addition to location, time of day, and age, there is a group effect that results in visitors being more likely to use AHS when in a group. The increased use related to groups may serve as a mechanism to encourage visitor HH. Conclusions The results suggest future research opportunities to investigate the effect of group dynamics and social pressure on visitor AHS use and to identify strategies for improving visitor HH.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Neyens2016,

title = {Determining Barriers and Facilitators Associated With Willingness to Use a Personal Health Information Management System to Support Worksite Wellness Programs},

author = {David M Neyens and Ashley Kay Childers},

url = {https://doi.org/10.4278/ajhp.140514-QUAN-204},

doi = {10.4278/ajhp.140514-QUAN-204},

issn = {0890-1171},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {American Journal of Health Promotion},

volume = {31},

pages = {310-317},

publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc},

abstract = {Purpose.To determine the barriers and facilitators associated with willingness to use personal health information management (PHIM) systems to support an existing worksite wellness program (WWP).Design.The study design involved a Web-based survey.Setting.The study setting was a regional hospital.Subjects.Hospital employees comprised the study subjects.Measures.Willingness, barriers, and facilitators associated with PHIM were measured.Analysis.Bivariate logit models were used to model two binary dependent variables. One model predicted the likelihood of believing PHIM systems would positively affect overall health and willingness to use. Another predicted the likelihood of worrying about online security and not believing PHIM systems would benefit health goals.Results.Based on 333 responses, believing PHIM systems would positively affect health was highly associated with willingness to use PHIM systems (p < .01). Those comfortable online were 7.22 times more willing to use PHIM systems. Participants in exercise-based components of WWPs were 3.03 times more likely to be willing to use PHIM systems. Those who worried about online security were 5.03 times more likely to believe PHIM systems would not help obtain health goals.Conclusions.Comfort with personal health information online and exercise-based WWP experience was associated with willingness to use PHIM systems. However, nutrition-based WWPs did not have similar effects. Implementation barriers relate to technology anxiety and trust in security, as well as experience with specific WWP activities. Identifying differences between WWP components and addressing technology concerns before implementation of PHIM systems into WWPs may facilitate improved adoption and usage.},

note = {doi: 10.4278/ajhp.140514-QUAN-204},

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pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Robinson2016,

title = {Applied Use of Safety Event Occurrence Control Charts of Harm and Non-Harm Events: A Case Study},

author = {Susan N Robinson and David M Neyens and Thomas Diller},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1177/1062860616646197},

doi = {10.1177/1062860616646197},

issn = {1062-8606},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {American Journal of Medical Quality},

volume = {32},

pages = {285-291},

publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc},

abstract = {Most hospitals use occurrence reporting systems that facilitate identifying serious events that lead to root cause investigations. Thus, the events catalyze improvement efforts to mitigate patient harm. A serious limitation is that only a few of the occurrences are investigated. A challenge is leveraging the data to generate knowledge. The goal is to present a methodology to supplement these incident assessment efforts. The framework affords an enhanced understanding of patient safety through the use of control charts to monitor non-harm and harm incidents simultaneously. This approach can identify harm and non-harm reporting rates and also can facilitate monitoring occurrence trends. This method also can expedite identifying changes in workflow, processes, or safety culture. Although unable to identify root causes, this approach can identify changes in near real time. This approach also supports evaluating safety or policy interventions that may not be observable in annual safety climate surveys.},

note = {doi: 10.1177/1062860616646197},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Puro2016,

title = {Factors Affecting Hospital Length of Stay for Drivers with Traumatic Brain Injuries from Motor Vehicle Crashes: South Carolina Case Study},

author = {Sagar S Puro and Sijun Shen and David M Neyens},

url = {https://doi.org/10.3141/2601-10},

doi = {10.3141/2601-10},

issn = {0361-1981},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Transportation Research Record},

volume = {2601},

pages = {84-89},

publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc},

abstract = {Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are a major cause of disability and mortality, and many TBIs are caused by motor vehicle crashes. Hospital length of stay (LOS) is often regarded as a representation of consumption of hospital resources and may also represent injury severity. This study investigated the effects of crash factors and driver characteristics on hospital LOS for drivers sustaining a TBI in traffic crashes. The South Carolina Crash Outcome Data Evaluation System for 2005 to 2007 was used to build a zero-inflated negative binomial regression to predict hospital LOS for drivers experiencing a TBI as a result of a crash. Not wearing a seat belt, ejection from the vehicle, and a crash on a roadway with a high speed limit were factors associated with a greater likelihood of being admitted to the hospital and having longer hospital LOS for drivers sustaining TBIs in crashes. Intoxicated drivers were more likely to be admitted to the hospital but tended to have shorter LOS when they sustained a TBI in a crash. Hospital LOS may be a surrogate measurement of injury severity as well as a representation of health care resource consumption. Understanding the effects of crash factors on hospital LOS for drivers sustaining a TBI in crashes can help policy makers, roadway designers, and health care providers develop specific interventions for understanding traffic crash?related health care resource consumption.},

note = {doi: 10.3141/2601-10},

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@article{Alfred2015,

title = {The Impact of Training Method on Skill Acquisition and Transfer},

author = {Myrtede Alfred and David M Neyens and Anand K Gramopadhye},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1177/1541931215591338},

doi = {10.1177/1541931215591338},

issn = {2169-5067},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-01-01},

journal = {Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting},

volume = {59},

pages = {1563-1567},

publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc},

abstract = {Technology, such as simulations and virtual reality (VR), can be used for training students and employees. Using these tools may have implications for skills development and retention, specifically related to individual differences and technology?s effectiveness as a learning tool. To explore this issue, a pilot study was used to evaluate how an individual?s performance on a task (i.e., the building an electrical circuit), differs depending on the physical fidelity of the learning environment. In addition, this study examined the effects of cognitive ability and goal orientation on task performance. Specifically this study investigated different methods for practicing the building of electrical circuits using a 2D breadboard simulation, a 3D virtual breadboard, and a physical breadboard. The preliminary results of this pilot study found that physical fidelity of learning environment was a significant predictor of construction time and circuit accuracy. Cognitive ability and learning goal orientation were significant predictors of gain scores and diagram accuracy.},

note = {doi: 10.1177/1541931215591338},

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pubstate = {published},

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@article{Shen2015,

title = {The effects of age, gender, and crash types on drivers’ injury-related health care costs},

author = {Sijun Shen and David M Neyens},

doi = {10.1016/J.AAP.2015.01.014},

issn = {0001-4575},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-01-01},

journal = {Accident Analysis & Prevention},

volume = {77},

pages = {82-90},

publisher = {Pergamon},

abstract = {There are many studies that evaluate the effects of age, gender, and crash types on crash related injury severity. However, few studies investigate the effects of those crash factors on the crash related health care costs for drivers that are transported to hospital. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between drivers' age, gender, and the crash types, as well as other crash characteristics (e.g., not wearing a seatbelt, weather condition, and fatigued driving), on the crash related health care costs. The South Carolina Crash Outcome Data Evaluation System (SC CODES) from 2005 to 2007 was used to construct six separate hierarchical linear regression models based on drivers' age and gender. The results suggest that older drivers have higher health care costs than younger drivers and male drivers tend to have higher health care costs than female drivers in the same age group. Overall, single vehicle crashes had the highest health care costs for all drivers. For males older than 64-years old sideswipe crashes are as costly as single vehicle crashes. In general, not wearing a seatbelt, airbag deployment, and speeding were found to be associated with higher health care costs. Distraction-related crashes are more likely to be associated with lower health care costs in most cases. Furthermore this study highlights the value of considering drivers in subgroups, as some factors have different effects on health care costs in different driver groups. Developing an understanding of longer term outcomes of crashes and their characteristics can lead to improvements in vehicle technology, educational materials, and interventions to reduce crash-related health care costs.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Freeman2015,

title = {A video based run-off-road training program with practice and evaluation in a simulator},

author = {Paul Freeman and David M Neyens and John Wagner and Fred Switzer and Kim Alexander and Philip Pidgeon},

doi = {10.1016/J.AAP.2015.05.008},

issn = {0001-4575},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-01-01},

journal = {Accident Analysis & Prevention},

volume = {82},

pages = {1-9},

publisher = {Pergamon},

abstract = {A run-off-road (ROR) event occurs when one or more of a vehicle's wheels leaves the roadway and begins to travel on the surface or shoulder adjacent to the road. Despite various countermeasures, ROR crashes continue to yield a large number of fatalities and injuries. Infrastructure-based solutions do not directly address the critical factor of driver performance preceding and during an ROR event. In this study, a total of 75 individuals participated in a pre-post experiment to examine the effect of a training video on improving driver performance during a set of simulated ROR scenarios (e.g., on a high speed highway, a horizontal curve, and a residential rural road). In each scenario, the vehicle was unexpectedly forced into an ROR scenario for which the drivers were instructed to recover as safely as possible. The treatment group then watched a custom ROR training video while the control group viewed a placebo video. The participants then drove the same simulated ROR scenarios. The results suggest that the training video had a significant positive effect on drivers' steering response on all three roadway conditions as well as improvements in vehicle stability, subjectively rated demand on the driver, and self-evaluated performance in the highway scenario. Under the highway conditions, the treatment group reduced the frequency of spinouts from 70% in the pre-training events to 16% in the post-training events (χ2(1) = 23.32, p < 0.001) with no significant improvement found for the control group. In the horizontal curve, spinouts were reduced for the treatment group from 50% in the pre-training events to 30% in the post-training events (χ2(1) = 8.45},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Neyens2015,

title = {The Effects of Driver Distraction for Individuals With Traumatic Brain Injuries},

author = {David M Neyens and Linda Ng Boyle and Maria T Schultheis},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1177/0018720815594057},

doi = {10.1177/0018720815594057},

issn = {0018-7208},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-01-01},

journal = {Human Factors},

volume = {57},

pages = {1472-1488},

publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc},

abstract = {Objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of secondary tasks on the driving performance of individuals with mild traumatic brain injuries (TBIs).Background:Studies suggest detrimental impacts of driving with TBI or while distracted but the impact of driver distraction on TBI drivers is not well documented.Method:Bayesian regression models were used to estimate the effect of relatively simple secondary tasks on driving performance of TBI and healthy control (HC) drivers. A driving simulator was used to develop prior distribution of task effects on driving performance for HCs. An on-road study was conducted with TBI and HC drivers to generate effect estimates for the posterior distributions. The Bayesian models were also compared to frequentist models.Results:During a coin-sorting task, all drivers exhibited larger maximum lateral acceleration and larger standard deviation of speed than in a baseline driving segment. There were no significant driving performance differences between the TBI and the HC drivers during the tasks. Across all tasks, TBI drivers spent more time looking at the tasks and made more frequent glances toward the tasks.Conclusions:The findings show that even drivers with mild TBI have significantly longer and more glances toward the tasks compared to the HCs.Application:This study demonstrates a Bayesian approach and how the results differ from frequentist statistics. Using prior distributions in a Bayesian model helps account for the probabilities associated with otherwise unknown parameters. This method strengthens the Bayesian parameter estimates compared to that of a frequentist model.},

note = {doi: 10.1177/0018720815594057},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Barber2014,

title = {Comparing the Use of Active versus Passive Navigational Tools In a Virtual Desktop Environment via Eye Tracking},

author = {Terri Barber and Jeffrey Bertrand and Caroline Christ and Brian J Melloy and David M Neyens},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1177/1541931214581408},

doi = {10.1177/1541931214581408},

issn = {2169-5067},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting},

volume = {58},

pages = {1954-1958},

publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc},

abstract = {Through technological advancements, the use of virtual environments (VE) in education and training has increased. One challenge that users face is the task of navigation in virtual environments. This research investigates navigation within a virtual environment and how users utilize different navigational tools. Navigational tools are categorized as either active or passive, based on the type of information that they present. The goal of this study was to determine if there are differences in the ways that users use passive and active navigational tools. This study was conducted by collecting eye fixations and fixation durations while participants used a navigation tool in completing a task in a VE. Results revealed no significant difference between percentage of fixations and fixation durations and future research should investigate the comparison of active and passive navigational tools in more complex virtual environments.},

note = {doi: 10.1177/1541931214581408},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Shen2014,

title = {Assessing drivers’ performance when automated driver support systems fail with different levels of automation},

author = {Sijun Shen and David M Neyens},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1177/1541931214581435},

doi = {10.1177/1541931214581435},

issn = {2169-5067},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting},

volume = {58},

pages = {2068-2072},

publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc},

abstract = {Adaptive cruise control (ACC) systems and lane keeping (LK) systems are two automated driver support systems that serve as convenience systems by changing the role of the driver from a controller to an automation supervisor. These higher levels of automation might impair drivers? performance when the automated systems fail. This study examined how drivers? performance differed when an automated system fails in two different levels of automation; with only LK engaged (lower level automation) and with both ACC and LK engaged (higher level automation). Drivers? performance in conjunction with automated driving was compared in different road conditions (i.e., straight lane, curve lane, and in traffic). In addition, it was expected that drivers? characteristics and attitudes towards automation, such as their automation complacency, interpersonal trust, acceptance of the LK, and trust of the LK would also influence driving performance. Results showed that participants had significantly longer response times to a system failure with a higher level of automation than with a lower level of automation. The higher level automation also led to significantly larger maximum lane deviation when a system failed. In addition, participants with higher level of interpersonal trust had significantly larger maximum lane deviation than participants with lower level of interpersonal trust. Thus, these results suggest that failures of higher levels of automation may lead to poorer driving performance during the detection and recovery from the failure and drivers? level of interpersonal trust affects their detection and recovery from system failures.},

note = {doi: 10.1177/1541931214581435},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Riggs2014,

title = {The Effect of Navigational Tools and Related Experience on Task Performance in a Virtual Environment},

author = {Austin Riggs and Brian J Melloy and David M Neyens},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1177/1541931214581495},

doi = {10.1177/1541931214581495},

issn = {2169-5067},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting},

volume = {58},

pages = {2378-2382},

publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc},

abstract = {One of the problems associated with using virtual environments, for the purpose of training and/or assessment, is that the effect of navigational tools and related experience on performance is generally unknown. In this study, three separate types of navigational assistance were provided (1) a recommended path embedded in the environment, (2) the user?s trail embedded in the environment and (3) none (a control condition). Three levels of related experience were also considered: novice, intermediate, and advanced. The virtual environment task was a safety-hazard identification task in a virtual manufacturing facility ? a task with both search and decision-making components. Both objective and subjective measures were employed; the objective measures were task time, task accuracy, and distance traveled within the environment, and the subjective measures were dimensions of workload, presence, and usability. Statistically significant differences were found between the navigation tools for task time, accuracy, and immersion (a dimension of presence). The results suggest that both the type of navigation tool and the level of experience influence performance.},

note = {doi: 10.1177/1541931214581495},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}