{"id":497,"date":"2015-10-28T23:02:07","date_gmt":"2015-10-29T03:02:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/avada.theme-fusion.com\/landing-product\/?page_id=5"},"modified":"2020-02-26T09:20:23","modified_gmt":"2020-02-26T14:20:23","slug":"spring16","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/cecas.clemson.edu\/ideas\/archives\/spring16\/","title":{"rendered":"Spring 16"},"content":{"rendered":"

CLEMSON UNIVERSITY<\/span>\u00a0 COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, COMPUTING AND APPLIED SCIENCES<\/span><\/h6>\n
CLEMSON UNIVERSITY<\/span>\u00a0ENGINEERING<\/span><\/h6>\n<\/div>
<\/div><\/div><\/div>
SPRING 2016<\/span><\/h6>\n<\/div>
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CLEMSON UNIVERSITY<\/span>\u00a0 COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, COMPUTING AND APPLIED SCIENCES<\/span><\/h6>\n<\/div>
<\/div><\/div><\/div>
SPRING 2016<\/span><\/h6>\n<\/div>
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CLEMSON UNIVERSITY<\/span> \u2013 SPRING 2016<\/span><\/h6>\n<\/div>
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<\/span><\/a><\/span>

Innovation through<\/span>
\n Collaboration<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>

Zucker Family\u00a0Graduate<\/span>
\n Education Center<\/span>
\n opens in the fall.<\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>
<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

From the Dean<\/a><\/h4>\n<\/div>
Clemson in the Low Country<\/a><\/h5>\n

Clemson University expands course\u00a0offerings at Zucker Family Graduate\u00a0Education Center in North Charleston
\nby Paul Alongi<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>

Stronger Together<\/a><\/h5>\n

Collaboration is paying off for Clemson\u00a0University and MUSC.
\nby Paul Alongi<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>

Preserving the Past<\/a><\/h5>\n

The Warren Lasch Conservation Center\u00a0offers a behind-the-scenes look into\u00a0current conservation efforts in the\u00a0lowcountry.
\nby St\u00e9phanie Crett\u00e9<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>

<\/div><\/div><\/div>
On the Pulse<\/a><\/h5>\n

CU-ICAR research teams keep industry\u00a0moving toward sustainability.
\nby Leah VanSyckel<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>

Broadening Graduate Horizons<\/a><\/h5>\n

A strategy aimed at expanding graduate\u00a0and research programs in the college has\u00a0made progress, led by outgoing board\u00a0chairman Ron Lindsay.
\nby\u00a0Paul Alongi<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>

News from Around the College<\/a><\/h4>\n<\/div>

Alumni Spotlight: Michael Watt<\/a><\/h4>\n<\/div>

Departments<\/a><\/h4>\n<\/div>
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FROM THE DEAN<\/span><\/h1>\n<\/div>

Charleston is one of the fastest growing metropolitan areas in the country,\u00a0with an expected overall population increase of 9.3 percent between 2015\u00a0and 2020. This region has seen a parallel increase in industry, most notably\u00a0in the fields of information technology and advanced manufacturing.\u00a0Examples include the Boeing assembly plant that opened in 2011, and\u00a0Volvo\u2019s announcement that it would invest $1 billion and employ 4,000 at\u00a0a new automobile plant by 2030. This growth is possible, in part, because\u00a0Charleston is the site of one of the largest ports on the East Coast.<\/span><\/p>\n

These new industries have brought a steady increase in jobs and strong\u00a0economic indicators. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the\u00a0Charleston area added 50,500 new jobs between 2005 and 2014, with\u00a0employment in the region growing 17.4 percent. This means Charleston is\u00a0outpacing cities such as Seattle, Nashville, Salt Lake City and the national\u00a0average of 4 percent. Average annual pay grew 23.7 percent from 2005\u00a0to 2013.<\/span><\/p>\n

The economic upswing appears to be continuing. Charleston recently\u00a0made State Tech\u2019s list of the top 12 tech hubs in America that are \u201cnipping\u00a0on Silicon Valley\u2019s heels.\u201d The current industrial climate indicates that\u00a0Charleston\u2019s impressive growth has created a need for research-oriented\u00a0graduate programs in engineering and computer science.<\/span><\/p>\n

Clemson, as a land-grant institution, and the College of Engineering\u00a0and Science in particular, are perfectly positioned not only to fulfill this\u00a0educational need but also to foster new growth through research and\u00a0innovation. For example, one of our new initiatives is the energy research\u00a0being conducted at the Clemson University Restoration Institute. One\u00a0project, which is supported by a grant of $6.7 million from the U.S.\u00a0Department of Energy, involves a collaboration of Clemson experts and\u00a0the DOE on research that could reduce energy consumption worldwide by\u00a0developing more efficient industrial motors.<\/span><\/p>\n

In the future, the focal point of our educational efforts in the Charleston\u00a0area will be centered on the Zucker Family Graduate Education Center,\u00a0which is currently under construction at the Clemson University Restoration\u00a0Institute. When the Center opens this fall, students will find state-of-the-art\u00a0classrooms, conference rooms\u00a0and space to collaborate with industry. It will \u00a0seamlessly connect to the main campus in Clemson using the interactive technology incorporated in the new Watt Family Innovation Center. Initially,\u00a0the Zucker Center will offer research-oriented graduate <\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>

<\/div><\/div><\/div>

\"Anand<\/p>\n

programs in digital production arts, computer science, electrical engineering and mechanical engineering.<\/span><\/p>\n

Another key piece of the college\u2019s Lowcountry presence can be found in downtown Charleston, where the Clemson-MUSC Bioengineering Program is headquartered in a new building at the Medical University of South Carolina. Clemson bioengineers are collaborating with MUSC scientists and clinicians on a range of research projects representing the key, emerging sub-disciplines of biotransport and drug delivery, matrix and tissue engineering, and dental and maxilla-facial reconstruction, among others. This collaboration attracts grants, strengthens the educational experience for students and builds on each institution\u2019s strengths to encourage innovation.<\/span><\/p>\n

Always key to our pursuit to achieve excellence are the alumni and industry leaders who help guide us. In this issue of IDEaS, Ronald C. Lindsay reflects on his tenure as chairman of the College\u2019s Advisory Board. Our current chairman, Michael Watt, tells us about his family\u2019s deep roots at Clemson and his vision for the Watt Family Innovation Center. As we move forward in the Lowcountry, we appreciate their wise counsel.<\/span><\/p>\n

The college\u2019s presence in the Lowcountry is where some of the best minds from academia, industry, government and community will converge and truly define its philosophy of innovation through translation in the broader areas of energy, big data, cyber physical security and health care. We hope that in doing so we will create a better future. It is through our partnerships that we continue our quest for pre-eminence in research and education, and we invite you on this journey to define the future.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Gramopadhye<\/a><\/p>\n

Anand Gramopadhye, Dean<\/span>
\nCollege of Engineering and Science<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>

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CLEMSON IN THE<\/h1>\n

LOWCOUNTRY<\/h1>\n<\/div>

Clemson University\u00a0expands course\u00a0offerings<\/span>
\nat Zucker\u00a0Family Graduate\u00a0Education\u00a0Center<\/span>
\nin North\u00a0Charleston.<\/span><\/h2>\n

By Paul Alongi<\/h4>\n<\/div>
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Clemson University\u2019s announcement that it will further expand its course offerings in Charleston was met with cheers from officials who said the programs would provide new opportunities for working professionals to advance their careers and could launch a video game industry based in the Lowcountry.<\/p>\n<\/div>

Master\u2019s degree programs in electrical engineering and systems engineering will complement the previously announced degree programs that Clemson expects to provide at the $21.5-million Zucker Family Graduate Education Center starting in the fall.\u00a0University officials also said they will expand Digital Production Arts to include more instruction in video game design and content development in hopes of creating a Charleston-based industry. Most of the program\u2019s students, who are now on the main campus in Clemson, will be based out of Charleston in three years, officials said.<\/p>\n

\"zucker\"The Zucker Center is under construction at the Clemson University Restoration Institute and will include state-of-the-art classrooms, conference rooms and space for industry.\u00a0Classrooms with cutting-edge technology will connect the Zucker Center to Clemson\u2019s main campus. High-resolution cameras will have motion sensors, so if a student raises a hand, the camera will pan to the action.\u00a0The announcement rounds out what Clemson has planned for the former naval complex in North Charleston. The University previously announced that its Charleston-area offerings would include a master\u2019s degree program in mechanical engineering and a Ph.D. program in computer science.<\/p>\n

Robert Jones, executive vice president for academic affairs and provost, said the advanced degree programs would be the only ones of their kind in the Lowcountry.<\/p>\n

\u201cMost of the programs target working professionals who need advanced degrees to further their careers in a variety of industries, including aerospace, automotive, defense and energy,\u201d he said. \u201cThe quick rise of advanced manufacturing in the Lowcountry has created a growing need for these programs. We\u2019re pleased to help fill the need by providing students with a high-quality education in a new, state-of-the-art facility.\u201d<\/p>\n

Randy Collins, executive director of academic initiatives in the College of Engineering and Science, said that an area long known for its beaches, tourism and retirees now has fast-growing aerospace and automotive industries.<\/p>\n

\"Yue<\/a>

Impressive growth in the Charleston area has created a need for research-oriented graduate programs in engineering and computer science. Clemson University is perfectly positioned to fulfill the educational need and foster growth, as Yue \u201cSophie\u201d Wang and a host of other faculty members help boost the University\u2019s reputation for cutting-edge research.<\/p><\/div>\n

Impressive growth in the Charleston area has created a need for research-oriented graduate programs in engineering and computer science. Clemson University is perfectly positioned to fulfill the educational need and foster growth, as Yue \u201cSophie\u201d Wang and a host of other faculty members help boost the University\u2019s reputation for cutting-edge research.<\/p>\n

\u201cNobody is sitting still,\u201d Collins said. \u201cBusinesses are opening. Industry is expanding. There\u2019s a critical need for high-quality graduate education, particularly in the engineering and computing disciplines. We\u2019ve heard over and over the value of personalized interaction with faculty and fellow students. That\u2019s not something you can get online.\u201d<\/p>\n

Melur \u201cRam\u201d Ramasubramanian, chair of the Department of Mechanical Engineering, said the opportunity to earn advanced degrees in Charleston would fuel economic growth, helping industry attract top-notch employees.<\/p>\n

\u201cIt\u2019s an exciting opportunity for Clemson to bring high-quality graduate education to the Charleston area and be a significant contributor to economic development,\u201d he said. \u201cWe\u2019re excited to be a selling point to come to Charleston.\u201d<\/p>\n

Clemson\u2019s expansion is in the heart of the Charleston-North Charleston metro area, the 17th-fastest growing metro area in the country, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. The fourth fastest, Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach, lies just to the north. The 13th fastest, Hilton Head Island-Bluffton-Beaufort, is immediately to the south.<\/p>\n

Growing need for electrical engineers<\/h5>\n

Dan Noneaker, chairman of the Holcombe Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, said several Charleston-area employers are in need of electrical engineers with advanced degrees.\u00a0They include the Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center Atlantic, and the area\u2019s defense contractors. Furthermore, electrical utilities have told him they face a wave of retirements over the next five years.<\/p>\n

\u201cThey\u2019re going to need manpower,\u201d Noneaker said. \u201cA lot of advanced technical work requires advanced preparation.\u201d<\/p>\n

\"Nick

Clemson\u2019s Charleston facilities include the Duke Energy eGRID and a wind turbine drivetrain testing and research facility, led by Nikolaos Rigas.<\/p><\/div>\n

Noneaker expects that Charleston-based electrical engineering students will earn their master\u2019s degrees with a combination of classes taught in person at the Zucker Center and classes taught from Clemson and transmitted live to the Zucker Center.<\/p>\n

All five graduate degrees offered in electrical and computer engineering will eventually be available to students through courses sited at the Clemson University Restoration Institute, although they will emerge at differing rates, Noneaker said.\u00a0Students will also be able to take some courses from local partners, including graduate engineering courses through The Citadel.<\/p>\n

The other program recently announced is a multidisciplinary Master of Systems Engineering with tracks in cyberphysical security, power and energy systems, and manufacturing composites. The program is coordinated out of the office of the dean of the College of Engineering and Science.<\/p>\n

While most of the programs are at the master\u2019s level, more opportunities for research and doctoral degrees will come as Clemson ramps up operations in the Lowcountry, officials said.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe will have an opportunity to develop new research capabilities based on the unique facilities we have located there,\u201d Noneaker said.<\/p>\n

Those facilities include the Duke Energy eGRID and a wind turbine drivetrain testing and research facility. They form the cornerstone of the SCE&G Energy Innovation Center and are the largest facilities of their kind in the world.<\/p>\n

Nikolaos Rigas, executive director of the Clemson University Restoration Institute, said the facilities represent $110 million in public and private investment.<\/p>\n

\u201cBecause of our cutting-edge facilities, we can offer research opportunities that are available here and only here,\u201d Rigas said. \u201cAs the Zucker Center grows, so will our research portfolio.\u201d<\/p>\n

Collins, who developed the precursor to the eGRID and was an investigator on the eGRID project, added: \u201cThe work we do in Charleston is not only helping generate and distribute energy more reliably and sustainably, but is also giving students an unparalleled research experience. The sky\u2019s the limit as we move forward.\u201d<\/p>\n

Building an industry<\/h5>\n

Clemson announced in May that Digital Production Arts will be among the first programs available at the Zucker Center and that program co-founder Robert Geist, who has a credit in \u201cThe Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey,\u201d will be among the first professors based out of Charleston.\u00a0University officials have provided more detail, saying they hope to capitalize on the \u201cSilicon Harbor\u201d tech sector to create a video game industry.<\/p>\n

Victor Zordan, the new director of Digital Production Arts, said the IT startups already doing business in the Charleston area provide one of the key ingredients. Clemson will provide the other \u2014 experts who design games and develop content.<\/p>\n

\u201cIf we can build talent in that area, then we can build industry,\u201d Zordan said. \u201cThis is going to be good for South Carolina. This is going to build jobs and businesses in Charleston. We\u2019re putting everything together in the right place to have growth.\u201d<\/p>\n

Students in the program work toward receiving a Master of Fine Arts. Digital Production Arts has been Clemson\u2019s pipeline to Hollywood since 1999, preparing students for the animation, visual-effects and electronic-game industries. More than 150 alumni have garnered credits in films ranging from \u201cHow to Train Your Dragon\u201d to \u201cKung Fu Panda 3.\u201d<\/p>\n

As Clemson beefs up its video-game offerings, students will continue to learn the skills they need to create animation and visual effects for TV and movies, Zordan said.\u00a0He expects the number of master\u2019s students in the program to more than triple from about 30 to 100. About two-thirds of them will be based out of Charleston in three years, Zordan said.<\/p>\n

\u201cIt\u2019s a tech environment, it\u2019s an arts environment and it\u2019s a city,\u201d he said. \u201cGoing to Charleston will ignite our plans to build an industry.\u201d<\/p>\n

Mechanical engineering offerings to grow<\/h5>\n

Clemson has been offering a master\u2019s program in mechanical engineering in the Charleston area since January 2015 at the Lowcountry Graduate Center. Those classes will move to the Zucker Center when it opens, Ramasubramanian said.\u00a0Offerings are expected to expand from one class per semester to two starting in fall 2016. Classes are held at night and run three hours, targeting working professionals.<\/p>\n

Courses are offered in a \u201chybrid mode,\u201d Ramasubramanian said. Instructors teach from Clemson two out of every three weeks, while students in Charleston tune in remotely from a state-of-the-art distance-learning classroom. Every third week instructors go to Charleston to teach in person and hold office hours, and Clemson-based students tune in remotely.<\/p>\n

\u201cIt\u2019s an identical program to what students on the main campus get, including an opportunity to interact with faculty and get involved with research,\u201d Ramasubramanian said.<\/p>\n

\"Victor<\/a>

Victor Zordan, director Digital Production Arts (DPA).<\/p><\/div>\n

Collins said employers value the advantage of a technical degree with a research focus.<\/p>\n

\u201cThrough personal interaction with the faculty, Clemson\u2019s graduate programs offer the opportunity to work on a research project that leads to a thesis \u2014 one that could focus on solving a real problem the student is encountering in the workplace,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n

New opportunities for computer science degrees<\/h5>\n

Clemson will also offer a Ph.D. program in computer science at the Zucker Center. Eileen Kraemer, the C. Tycho Howle Director of the School of Computing, said rapid growth in advanced manufacturing and the Charleston-area tech sector is driving up the demand for advanced computing degrees.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe are excited to provide a high-quality Ph.D. program in an area where there is a fast-growing need,\u201d she said. \u201cCharleston-based students will receive the same degree as those on the campus in Clemson. It\u2019s a win for the students, it\u2019s a win for Clemson, it\u2019s a win for industry, and it\u2019s a win for the economic development of the state.\u201d\u00a0\u2732<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>

<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>
IDEAS Spring 2016<\/span><\/h6>\n<\/div>
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STRONGER TOGETHER<\/span><\/h1>\n<\/div>

Collaboration is paying off for Clemson University and MUSC.<\/span><\/h2>\n

By Paul Alongi<\/h4>\n<\/div>
<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

T<\/span>he Bioengineering Building stands four stories tall, its red brick offset by metal-framed windows in the bustling heart of campus at the Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC).\u00a0Inside the gleaming new structure, researchers work on cutting-edge bioengineering challenges, seeking new treatments for TMJ disorders, brain injuries and damaged tissue.<\/p>\n

But what makes the building especially remarkable is that MUSC has no bioengineering department. The bioengineers who work on campus come from the state\u2019s other research universities, making the building itself a temple of collaboration.<\/p>\n

A key driver of this collaboration is the Clemson-MUSC Bioengineering Program. As part of the program, six Clemson bioengineers based on the MUSC campus in downtown Charleston collaborate with MUSC scientists and clinicians on a range of research projects.<\/p>\n

It\u2019s a combination that helps attract grants, strengthens the educational experience for students and builds on each institution\u2019s strengths to supercharge innovation, researchers said.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hai Yao, the associate chair for Clemson\u2019s Department of Bioengineering, said the program is going as strong as ever. Since it started in 2003, the program has generated $25 million in grants and graduated 41 Ph.D. students with 16 more in the pipeline.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe\u2019ve become a unit integrated on the MUSC campus,\u201d Yao said. \u201cThis is a model system for other programs. This is the most successful program between a medical school and an engineering program in the nation.\u201d<\/p>\n

The Bioengineering Building opened in 2012 as part of the $120-million James E. Clyburn Research Center. The idea behind the center, which also includes the Drug Discovery Building, is to foster collaboration among Clemson, MUSC and the University of South Carolina.<\/p>\n

Yao is deeply immersed in the collaboration. He is based out of the Bioengineering Building, oversees the Clemson-MUSC Bioengineering Program and collaborates on research with Michael J. Kern, a professor in the Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology at MUSC.<\/p>\n<\/div>

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Yao and Kern are working together to find new ways of repairing or replacing defective jaw joints to ease the pain of patients who suffer from TMJ disorders.<\/p>\n

\u201cI\u2019m not a biologist,\u201d Yao said, while standing next to a microscope. \u201cIt\u2019s hard for me to interpret these results. Instead of visiting once a month, I can call Dr. Kern and say, \u2018Can you stop by and check these results after class?\u2019 That\u2019s key.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Kern said the collaboration has been tremendously helpful for both sides.<\/p>\n

\u201cIt\u2019s a unique niche that fulfills what the NIH (National Institutes of Health) wants,\u201d he said. \u201cNIH wants the biologists and engineers to work together.\u201d<\/p>\n

A majority of the funding that flows through the program has come from the NIH, Yao said. Funding has also come from the National Science Foundation, the Department of Defense, private industry and foundations.<\/p>\n

Martine LaBerge, chair of Clemson\u2019s Department of Bioengineering, said the $25 million in funding and the Bioengineering Building speak volumes about the success of the program and its benefits to the state.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe\u2019re seeing a pattern of continuous investment in the program,\u201d she said. \u201cIt\u2019s a model for how research universities can break down silos and work together, building on each other\u2019s strengths.\u201d<\/p>\n

Six Clemson faculty members form the core of the Clemson-MUSC bioengineering program, while 41 others from the two institutions play supporting roles.\u00a0Clemson students who participate have the same privileges as MUSC students, ranging from access to the cutting-edge labs to use of the wellness center. Clemson students at MUSC can even serve on MUSC\u2019s student government.<\/p>\n

Larry Dooley was associate dean of the College of Engineering and Science in 2003 when he played a key role in launching the program.<\/p>\n

\u201cWhen we started the program, I said that Clemson and MUSC aren\u2019t competing against each other,\u201d Dooley said. \u201cWe\u2019re competing against the world. That\u2019s as true now as it was then. The program has done extremely well, and we\u2019re expecting big things still to come.\u201d\u00a0\u2732<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>

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PRESERVING THE PAST<\/span><\/h1>\n<\/div>
<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

The Warren Lasch Conservation Center offers a behind-the-scenes look into current conservation efforts in the Lowcountry.<\/span><\/h2>\n

By St\u00e9phanie Crett\u00e9<\/h4>\n<\/div>
<\/div><\/div><\/div>

T<\/span>he Warren Lasch Conservation Center (WLCC) at the Clemson University Restoration Institute in North Charleston, S.C., is a facility dedicated to implementing best practices and advancing knowledge in the analysis, documentation and conservation of historic materials. The WLCC champions an integrated research approach in which conservators, archaeologists, historic preservationists and material scientists work together to solve preservation challenges. The 45,917-square-foot facility houses state-of-the-art laboratories dedicated to material analyses, characterization and documentation. It was initially built in 1999 to house the H.L. Hunley, a submarine that sunk off the coast of Charleston in 1864 and was retrieved from the seafloor more than 136 years later. That exhibit, which is operated by Friends of the Hunley, still draws tourists from all around the world.<\/p>\n

The center later evolved to study more than the Hunley. In 2002, Clemson scientists were asked to develop new methods to stabilize iron artifacts that had become corroded and encrusted with marine growth. While the team\u2019s efforts continue to focus on conserving the submarine, the team has grown and branched out to other artifacts and documenting historic structures on land.<\/p>\n

One of the techniques researchers have developed at the WLCC is a treatment using subcritical fluids to stabilize metal artifacts by desalination. Treatment times are a fraction of those required by the conventional soaking methods; chloride readings are brought to near-negligible levels; desalination can be carried out with or without prior deconcretion; solutions are maintained in sealed containers for the duration of the treatments; and positive results have been seen so far for long-term stability of treated artifacts.<\/p>\n

During the process, an unstable artifact is selected, documented and presoaked in the treatment solution for a minimum period of 24 hours prior to treatment. The specimen is then introduced into a stainless steel reactor cell. The cell is filled with the treatment solution, air is purged from the system and the temperature is gradually raised to 356 degrees Fahrenheit.<\/p>\n<\/div>

<\/div><\/div><\/div>

The chamber pressure is increased and maintained at 50 bar. Heat and pressure remain below the critical point of 374 degrees Celsius, allowing the solution to remain in liquid phase while considerably improving the transport properties of the fluid.<\/p>\n

The successes with subcritical fluids to stabilize iron have led to collaboration with Cardiff University in the United Kingdom, hosting Ph.D. research focused on investigating the applicability of subcritical fluids to stabilize copper alloy artifacts, a metal abundantly present in the archaeological record.<\/p>\n

Researchers at the WLCC have also successfully applied a supercritical carbon dioxide to waterlogged organic materials. Industry has long used supercritical carbon dioxide methods for a variety of uses, including decaffeinating coffee, but Clemson researchers were among the first to apply the technique to conserving artifacts.<\/p>\n

The treatment enables researchers to dry things such as waterlogged cork with minimal changes to the physical characteristics. Thanks to this method, they have been able to conserve cork artifacts from several shipwrecks.<\/p>\n

Researchers have become the go-to team for conserving artifacts and structures of cultural heritage in the United States and globally.\u00a0 <\/span>The Fort Sumter National Monument, a unit of the National Park Service, approached WLCC in 2008 to develop conservation treatments for cannon and architectural elements at Fort Sumter and Fort Moultrie. The WLCC team members are continuing their efforts to preserve one of the most unique and complete collections of ordnance, artillery items and coastal defense architectural elements under an ongoing collaborative agreement. A new treatment protocol has been developed using a superheated water system to gently remove failing coating layers and loose corrosion and to apply corrosion inhibitors to the historic metals. More recently, three Civil War-era cannons discovered in the Pee Dee River were delivered to the facility by SCIAA for conservation.<\/p>\n<\/div>

<\/div><\/div><\/div>

\"Hunley_1\"<\/p>\n

\"Hunley_2\"

ABOVE: Since 2000, Clemson scientists have used advanced technology to preserve and document the Hunley for future generations.<\/p><\/div>\n

Since its inception, the WLCC has advanced the practice of digital documentation in the archaeological science with its systematic digital recording of the H.L. Hunley. Today, researchers are again expanding the research portfolio of the lab through a program called the Lowcountry Digital Documentation Initiative (LDDI). Through the LDDI, Clemson researchers aim to both document and help manage the architectural fabric of the region. The end goal is to provide the public at large with cultural heritage data for the entire region.<\/p>\n

Beyond the Lowcountry, the WLCC has begun working on digital documentation projects in UNESCO World Heritage Sites on Bermuda, Cuba and the north coast of Jamaica.\u00a0\u2732<\/span><\/p>\n

Crett\u00e9 is a research professor in the department of materials science and engineering and an adjunct professor in the graduate program in historic preservation. She oversees the research team at the WLCC.<\/i><\/p>\n<\/div>

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ON THE<\/span><\/h1>\n

PULSE<\/span><\/h1>\n<\/div>

CU ICAR research teams keep industry<\/span><\/h2>\n

moving toward sustainability.<\/span><\/h2>\n

By\u00a0Leah VanSyckel<\/span><\/h4>\n<\/div>
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Simona Onori works in her CU-ICAR lab on technology geared toward sustainability and energy efficiency.<\/span><\/h6>\n<\/div>
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I<\/span>nside the Clemson University International Center for Automotive Research (CU-ICAR), the wheels of innovation are carrying the institution into new fields of automotive and transportation technology. Here, students and faculty exist in a symbiotic community where classroom instruction and research go hand-in-hand with development.<\/p>\n

In the labs, Clemson professors undertake multidisciplinary research initiatives whose products are revolutionizing the industry. The collaborative nature of the program is an element that Zoran Filipi, chair of the automotive engineering department and executive director of the Carroll A. Campbell, Jr., Graduate Engineering Center, is dedicated to preserving and fostering in CU-ICAR research.<\/p>\n

\u201cUsing a multidisciplinary approach magnifies the research capability of a group,\u201d explained Filipi. \u201cIt also makes us attractive for investment because our teamwork is stable and effective.\u201d<\/p>\n

Suzanne Dickerson, director of CU-ICAR\u2019s international business development and marketing, agrees that their cooperative efforts set them apart from other research institutions.<\/p>\n

\u201cEven though CU-ICAR is relatively young among the automotive engineering development institutions, its members approach automotive research and development in very progressive ways,\u201d said Dickerson. \u201cTheir partners in industry and the students that contribute are from all over the globe, and the curriculum uses a unique model of systems integration \u2014 students learn about connections between vehicles, vehicle components, each other, consumers, the environment and other software.\u201d<\/p>\n

The connective relationships extend to the engineering faculty, whose research projects have garnered national and international attention.\u00a0One of these professors is Simona Onori, head of the Battery Aging and Characterization Lab, who conducts experiments on different lithium ion batteries\u2019 chemistry. All of the experiments are on batteries currently used in electrified cars. She hopes to understand and model their chemical behavior to track performance over time.<\/p>\n

\u201cThis understanding, translated into models, will be used to optimize battery life when used in vehicles,\u201d explained Onori. She works with students and other professors to run her studies.<\/p>\n

Onori is also the lead investigator on an initiative sponsored by Fiat-Chrysler Automobiles that studies gasoline particulate filters. They hope to create new control algorithms for vehicles using direct injection in their gasoline engines.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe new control algorithm we are developing aims to reduce particulate matters, along with reducing NOx<\/sub><\/span>, CO2<\/sub><\/span> and hydrocarbons, to meet the new emission regulations imposed by EPA,\u201d said Onori. \u201cThere is a significant experimental activity conducted in this project in support of the algorithm development and validation.\u201d<\/p>\n

Research projects like Onori\u2019s that focus on sustainability and energy efficiency have become a major focus at CU-ICAR. Federal directives have placed new requirements on automotive technology to make vehicles more environmentally friendly and cost efficient by improving fuel economy and reducing emissions. One of these requirements is that by 2025, automakers must get their fleets of cars and light trucks to an average 54.5 miles a gallon.<\/p>\n

Robert Prucka, a faculty member at CU-ICAR, is partnering with Bosch, headquartered in Anderson, S.C., and the U.S. Department of Energy to develop an engine sensor that could improve fuel economy. This EGR sensor, or exhaust gas recirculation sensor, will also reduce the amount of an engine\u2019s carbon emissions.<\/p>\n

The EGR sensor will continually measure how much fresh air is mixing with recycled exhaust gas in the engine. Its data will be analyzed by the car\u2019s \u201cbrain,\u201d the engine controller, a computer that can adjust the EGR valve as the car drives. That function will allow the car to run better, improving fuel economy by as much as two percent.<\/p>\n

Prucka explained the significance of his research: \u201cThese changes can sound small, but one percent of the fuel used in the country is a lot of fuel,\u201d he said. \u201cIt\u2019s a lot of money. It\u2019s a lot of CO2<\/sub><\/span> emissions.\u201d<\/p>\n

While Onori tackles batteries and electric vehicles and Prucka works on engine sensors, Srikanth Pilla leads the way on making cars lighter. Working on a multi-departmental and disciplinary team that includes Paul Venhovens, Gang Li and Melur Ramasubramaniam, Pilla is working to develop lightweight doors made of composite materials that can be used in commercial markets upon completion.<\/p>\n

The composites they are testing are ultra-lightweight thermoplastics. Most cars today rely heavily on steel. Some use aluminum and carbon fiber, but those materials can be energy intensive, expensive, or non-recyclable. Pilla\u2019s doors will be both cost effective and recyclable.\u00a0Current doors weigh in at around 70 pounds. Pilla\u2019s work will lighten them by 42.5 percent \u2014 a significant drop in weight that could lead to improved fuel economy. The novelty of his work has earned him attention from both industry and the U.S. Department of Energy. The project received $5.8 million in funding in 2015.<\/p>\n

\u201cOf course we care about breakthroughs in basic research, but at the end of the day, we\u2019re interested in the impact we make on industry and society,\u201d said Filipi. \u201cCollaboration makes it possible to make these translations to technology.\u201d<\/p>\n

Of course, these three projects represent only a small fraction of the work at CU-ICAR that is making automotive technology better and more sustainable. Elsewhere in the program and at Clemson\u2019s SCE&G Energy Innovation Center in Charleston, research is being done on electric vehicle components such as hybrid powertrains and the connection between transportation and the grid.<\/p>\n<\/div>

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“Using a multidisciplinary approach magnifies the research capability of a group. It also makes us attractive for investment because our teamwork is stable and effective.”<\/h3>\n

\u2014Zoran Filipi<\/span><\/h6>\n

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\"Professor

Robert Prucka experiments with a car\u2019s EGR sensor to improve fuel economy and reduce emissions.<\/p><\/div>\n

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\"Clemson

Srikanth Pilla works with CU-ICAR students on his project that will lead to lighter doors and better fuel economy.<\/p><\/div>\n

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Although the two centers have not formally cooperated on research projects related to the new fuel guidelines, Filipi hopes collaboration over other endeavors will happen in the next few years.<\/p>\n

\u201cI envision seeing the two centers working together, especially as it would be helpful in studying the complex relationship between automotives, energy and storage,\u201d said Filipi.<\/p>\n

All of CU-ICAR\u2019s research ties in with its educational goal to produce the next generation of automotive innovators and industry leaders.<\/p>\n

\u201cThey don\u2019t have a lot of legacy thinking \u2014 it\u2019s all fresh thinking. They constantly survey the industry to see what problems they can solve. They are always on the pulse of automotive engineering,\u201d said Dickerson.<\/p>\n

That\u2019s why this impressive group continues to emphasize a systems integration approach in their curriculum and encourage diversity in research and researchers.<\/p>\n

\u201cIt\u2019s good business practice. There\u2019s a direct correlation between diversity increasing and profit increasing,\u201d said Dickerson. \u2732<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>

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A strategy aimed at expanding graduate and research programs in the college has made progress, and there\u2019s more to come, according to the former chairman of the college\u2019s advisory board.<\/span><\/h2>\n
By Paul Alongi<\/span><\/h5>\n<\/div>
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Ron C. Lindsay completed his two-year tenure as chairman of the College of Engineering and Science advisory board last year and continues to serve as a member of the board.<\/p>\n

He was chairman during a transitional time, not only for the college but all of Clemson University. The University\u2019s president and provost and the college\u2019s dean all turned over during his tenure. Anand Gramopadhye began serving as the college\u2019s dean at the midway point in July 2013.<\/p>\n

A strategic analysis done at the start of Lindsay\u2019s term found the college had a strong undergraduate program, student experience and individual departments.<\/p>\n

But the analysis also started a conversation about how the college could use some of its unique opportunities, especially the innovation campuses, to raise the bar in its graduate program and research effort.<\/p>\n

\u201cThere\u2019s been good progress so far,\u201d Lindsay said. \u201cThere\u2019s a lot more to deliver in the future, but it starts with getting the direction more clear and getting people aligned around that. Dean Gramopadhye has made a lot of headway. There\u2019s still a lot of work to be done and talent that can be leveraged to blow that strategy out and make it real and alive all throughout the college.\u201d<\/p>\n

Lindsay said that the new chairman of the board, Michael Watt, is well connected throughout the University, putting him in a good position to carry the strategy forward.<\/p>\n

Lindsay, a Greenville native, graduated from Clemson University in 1980 with a bachelor of science in chemical engineering and is now chief operating officer at Eastman Chemical Company.<\/p>\n

One of the biggest changes he\u2019s seen since his time as an engineering student is the breakdown of silos between departments. Engineering students are getting a broader education and branching out into other fields, such as accounting and marketing.<\/p>\n<\/div>

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It can be difficult with the heavy course loads they face, but diverse experiences equip students to better connect with people who will become their co-workers, Lindsay said.<\/p>\n

He noted that students also have more desire for international experience and that they want to find meaning in their work, rather than just have a career.<\/p>\n

\u201cStudents are graduating with more consciousness about the importance of being able to relate to others well, to understand different perspectives,\u201d he said. \u201cThey come out with a better understanding of the value of it and maybe a better understanding of how much further they still need to go as individuals.<\/p>\n

\u201cI think there was a lack of realization of that not too many years back. Wanting to make a difference beyond just the financial side is encouraging. I think that\u2019s a challenge for employers. How do you have an experience for these folks coming out of school that plays to that broader interest? I think it\u2019s a very healthy trend.\u201d<\/p>\n

Lindsay said that the growing number of international connections in the South are creating new opportunities but also raising questions.<\/p>\n

\u201cThere\u2019s a challenge,\u201d he said. \u201cAre we going to be able to keep up with the need and bring more of the population along?\u201d<\/p>\n

Meanwhile, Clemson will continue to deepen partnerships with technical colleges, local school systems and employers to provide a supportive pathway for students.<\/p>\n

\u201cThere\u2019s going to be some patience needed,\u201d Lindsay said. \u201cYou can\u2019t do it overnight. But it is good to see the recognition and the interest. There is a lot of opportunity, but I think the college has the capability to seize that opportunity.\u201d\u00a0\u2732<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>

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News from Around the College<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>
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Clean room research leads to ACC honor<\/span><\/h5>\n<\/div>