Publications in chronological order

2024

96. J. Bentley Bevis, “Additive Manufacturing of Porous Tungsten Carbide Structural Electrode Components using Robocasting” MS Thesis, Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University (2024).

95. J. de los Santos-Ramirez, C. Mendiola-Escobedo, J. Cotera-Sarabia, R. Gallo-Villanueva, R. Martinez-Duarte, and V. Perez-Gonzalez, “Short Communication: Ultra-low voltage electrokinetic particle trapping in DC-iEK devices using 9V alkaline batteries as power supply.” Electrophoresis, in press (2024). 

94. J.M. de los Santos-Ramirez, C.A. Mendiola-Escobedo, J.M. Cotera-Sarabia, R.C. Gallo-Villanueva, R. Martinez-Duarte, V.H. Perez-Gonzalez, “Enabling the characterization of the nonlinear electrokinetic properties of particles using low voltage” Analyst, 149, 3839-3849 (2024). International collaboration with Tecnologico de Monterrey, Mexico.

93. D. Keck, S. Ravi, S. Yadav, and R. Martinez-Duarte “The effect of different system parameters on the movement of microbial cells using light-induced Dielectrophoresis” Micromachines, 15, 3 (2024)

2023

92. R. Martinez-Duarte, “Editorial for the Special Issue on Micromachines for Dielectrophoresis Volume II” Micromachines, 14, 769 (2023).

91. R. Martinez-Duarte, “Micromachines for Dielectrophoresis, Volume II” Editor. MDPI Books, pp. 220, ISBN 978-3-0365-7301-4 (2023)

2022

90. R. Martinez-Duarte, “Micromachines for Dielectrophoresis” Editor. MDPI Books, pp. 186, ISBN 978-3-0365-4338-3 (2022)

89. R. Martinez-Duarte, D. Mager, J. Korvink, and M. Islam “Evaluating Carbon-electrode Dielectrophoresis under the ASSURED criteria” Frontiers in Medical Technology, 4,  922737 (2022). International collaboration with KIT, Germany.

88. T. Guggisberg, S. Turnbull, J. E. Dobarganes, L. Alvarado and R. Martinez-Duarte, “Identifying best practices to sustain a US-Mexico International Program integrated into an engineering curriculum ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, Minneapolis, in press (2022). International collaboration with Universidad de Guanajuato, Mexico.

87. R. Martinez-Duarte, J. I. Molina-Verdugo, M. Guerra-Ayala “Connecting classrooms across borders to engineer a process to manufacture a Tequila bottle ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, Minneapolis, in press (2022). International collaboration with ITESO, Mexico.

86. M. Islam, P. Weidler, D. Mager, J. Korvink, R. Martinez-Duarte “Comparing Carbon Origami from Polyaramid and Cellulose Sheets Micromachines, 13, 503 (2022). International collaboration with KIT, Germany.

85. R. Martinez-Duarte, “Editorial for the Special Issue on Micromachines for DielectrophoresisMicromachines, 13, 3, 417 (2022).

84. G. Diaz-Armas, A.P. Cervantes-Gonzalez, R. Martinez-Duarte and V.H. Perez-Gonzalez, “Electrically-driven microfluidic platforms for exosome manipulation and characterization” Electrophoresis, 43, 327-339 (2022).

83. R. Martinez-Duarte “A critical review on the fabrication techniques that can enable higher throughput in dielectrophoresis devices” Electrophoresis, 43, 232-248 (2022)

2021

82. J.B. Bevis, S. Dunlavey, and R. Martinez-Duarte, “Comparing the performance of different extruders in the Robocasting of biopolymer-nanoparticle composites towards the fabrication of complex geometries of porous Tungsten Carbide” Procedia Manufacturing, 53, 338-342 (2021).

81. D. Keck “A Multifunctional Tool for the Electrokinetic Manipulation and
Characterization of Cells” PhD Dissertation, Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University (2021).

2020

80. S. Baddam “A study of the synthesis of cellulose by the bacteria Komagataeibacter xylinus (K. xylinus) when under the action of an electric field in a microfluidic reactor” MS Thesis, Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University (2020).

79. M. Islam and R. Martinez-Duarte, “Tuning the mechanical stiffness of lightweight carbon origami” Materials Today: Proceedings, doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2020.06.371 Submitted manuscript

78. R. Martinez-Duarte, Editor, Special Issue “Micromachines for DielectrophoresisMicromachines (2020).

77. D. Keck, C. Stuart, J. Duncan, E. Gullette and R. Martinez-Duarte “Highly Localized enrichment of Trypanosoma brucei parasites using Dielectrophoresis” Micromachines, 11 (6), 625 (2020). doi.org/10.3390/mi11060625

76. M. Islam, R. Martinez-Duarte “The impact of using different renewable films in the synthesis and microstructure of carbonaceous materials applicable in origami-inspired manufacturingMaterialia, 11, 100734 (2020). Submitted Manuscript

75. M. Islam, D. Keck, J. Gilmore and R. Martinez-Duarte “Characterization of the dielectrophoretic response of different Candida strains using 3D carbon microelectrodesMicromachines, 11 (3), 255-267 (2020).

74. E. Sengul, O. Kara, Y. Yildizhan, R. Martinez-Duarte, and M. Elitas, “Single Cell Level Dielectrophoretic Responses & Dielectrophoretic Deformations of Monocytes to Quantify Population Heterogeneity” Proceedings of the 42nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) in conjunction with the 43rd Annual Conference of the Canadian Medical and Biological Engineering Society (2020).

2019

73. R. Martinez-Duarte, M. Islam, and J. Flach, “Carbon and Carbide Origami”, United States Patent, US2019/0112191 A1 (2019).

72. M. Islam, D. Keck and R. Martinez-Duarte “Architected Tungsten Carbide Electrodes using Origami TechniquesAdvanced Engineering Materials doi:10.1002/adem/201900290 (2019). Accepted Manuscript

71. G. Carrillo, D. Keck and R. Martinez-Duarte “Mechanical Properties and Process Improvement of Tungsten Carbide Additively Manufactured with Renewable BiopolymersProcedia Manufacturing 34, 704-711 (2019).

70. R. Natu, M. Islam, D. Keck and R. Martinez-Duarte “Automated “pick and transfer” of targeted cells using dielectrophoresis“, Lab-on-a-Chip, 19, 2512-2525 (2019). Accepted Manuscript

69. R. Natu, M. Islam, R. Martinez-Duarte “Nondimensional Streaming Dielectrophoresis Number for a System of Continuous Particle SeparationAnalytical Chemistry, 91 (7), 4357-4367 (2019). Accepted Manuscript

68. M. Elitas, Y. Yildizhan, M. Islam, R. Martinez-Duarte and D. Ozkazanc, “Dielectrophoretic characterization and separation of monocytes and macrophages using 3D carbon-electrodesElectrophoresis, 40 (2), 315-321 (2019).

2018

67. R. Natu, “Investigating the use of Streaming and Robotic Dielectrophoresis to enable continuous cell sorting and automatic cell transfer in sample preparation” PhD Dissertation, Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University (2018).

66. S. Muhamed “Assessing Temperature Differences on a sample heated in a tube furnace under vacuum” MS Thesis, Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University  (2018).

65. Y. Yildizhan, U. Gogebakan, A. Altay, M. Islam, R. Martinez-Duarte and M. Elitas “Quantitative Investigation for the Dielectrophoretic effect of fluorescent dyes at single-cell resolutionACS Omega, 3 (7), 7243-7246 (2018).

64. M. Islam, “Advanced Manufacturing of Lightweight Porous Carbide Shapes using Renewable resources” PhD Dissertation, Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University (2018).

63. M. Islam and R. Martinez-Duarte “Fabrication of Lightweight 3D complex shapes of cellular carbonaceous materialECS Transactions,85 (1), 29-36 (2018). Accepted Manuscript

62. G. Carrillo, M.C. Sullivan, M. Islam and R. Martinez-Duarte, “3D Printing of Carbides using Renewable ResourcesECS Transactions, 85 (1), 37-44  (2018). Accepted Manuscript

61. M. Islam, J. Flach and R. Martinez-Duarte, “Carbon Origami: A Method to Fabricate Lightweight Carbon Cellular MaterialsCarbon, 133, 140-149 (2018). Accepted Manuscript

60. R. Natu, M. Islam, J. Gilmore and R. Martinez-Duarte, “Shrinkage of SU-8 microstructures during carbonizationJournal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 131, 17-27 (2018).  Accepted Manuscript

2017

59. M. Islam, J. Gilmore, K. Wallace, and R. Martinez-Duarte, “Dielectrophoretic characterization of Candida species with 3D carbon electrodes towards separation and species-specific diagnosis”, microTAS 2017; Savannah, GA, in press (2017). Accepted Manuscript

58. R. Natu, M. Islam, and R. Martinez-Duarte, “Development of a streaming dielectrophoresis number to describe a system for continuous particle separation”, microTAS 2017: Savannah, GA, in press (2017). Accepted Manuscript

57. Y. Yildizhan, N. Erdem, M. Islam, R. Martinez-Duarte and M. Elitas, “Dielectrophoretic Separation of Live and Dead Monocytes using 3D Carbon-electrodes“, Sensors, 17 (11), 2691   (2017). PDF

56. R. Martinez-Duarte, “Beyond Stone-Age Sample PrepThe Pathologist/The Analytical Scientist, Issue#0517, May (2017). PDF

55. M. Islam and R. Martinez-Duarte, “A sustainable approach for tungsten carbide synthesis using renewable polymers”, Ceramics International , 43 (13), 10546-10553  (2017). Accepted Manuscript

54. J. Gilmore, M. Islam, J. Duncan, R. Natu and R. Martinez-Duarte, “Assessing the importance of the root mean square (RMS) value of different waveforms to determine the strength of a dielectrophoresis trapping force” Electrophoresis, 38, 2561-2564 (2017). Accepted Manuscript

53. D. Keck, J. Gilmore, M. Islam and R. Martinez-Duarte, “ Emerging Techniques in the Fabrication of microfluidic devices”, Application focus of the AES Electrophoresis Society (2017).

52. J. Gilmore and R. Martinez-Duarte, “Fabrication of microfluidic chips using Xurography”, Application focus of the AES Electrophoresis Society (2017).

51. M. Islam and R. Martinez-Duarte, “Fabrication of microfluidic chips using soft lithography”, Application focus of the AES Electrophoresis Society (2017).

50. R. Natu and R. Martinez-Duarte, “Fabrication of microfluidic chips using SU-8 Photolithography”, Application focus of the AES Electrophoresis Society (2017).

49. J. Gilmore and R. Martinez-Duarte, “Fabrication of microfluidic devices using Etching”, Application focus of the AES Electrophoresis Society (2017).

48. M. Islam and R. Martinez-Duarte, “Fabrication of paper microfluidic devices”, Application focus of the AES Electrophoresis Society (2017).

2016

47. E. Giogli, “Fabricating Suspended Carbon Structures Using SU-8 Photolithography” MS, Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University (2016).  PDF

46. R. Natu and R. Martinez-Duarte, “Numerical model of streaming DEP for stem cell sortingMicromachines, 7, 12, 2127 (2016). Invited article  to the Special issue Micro/Nano-chip Electrokinetics. Open Access.

45. R. Martinez-Duarte “Fabrication Challenges and Perspectives on the use of Carbon-electrode Dielectrophoresis in Sample PreparationIET Nanobiotechnology (2016). Invited Critical Review. Accepted Manuscript 

44. Islam, R. Natu, M. F. Larraga-Martinez and R. Martinez-Duarte “Enrichment of diluted cell population from large sample volumes using 3D Carbon-electrode DielectrophoresisBiomicrofluidics, 10, 033107 (2016). Accepted Manuscript 

43. Islam and R. Martinez-Duarte, “Towards Additive Manufacturing of Tungsten Carbide Using Renewable Resources”. ECS Transactions, 72 (1), 3-9 (2016). Accepted Manuscript

42. Islam and R. Martinez-Duarte, “Synthesis of Tungsten Carbide from Bacterial Cellulose”. ECS Transactions, 72 (1), 11-16 (2016). Accepted Manuscript

41. Islam, R. Natu, M. F. Larraga-Martinez, G. Contreras-Davila and R. Martinez-Duarte, “3D Carbon-Electrode Dielectrophoresis for Enrichment of a Small Cell Population from a Large Sample Volume”. ECS Transactions, 72 (1), 97-103 (2016). Accepted Manuscript

40. Contreras-Davila, J. I. Gomez-Quinones, V. H. Perez-Gonzales and R. Martinez-Duarte, “Assessing the Advantages of Using Square Wave Signals for Particle Trapping in Carbon-electrode Dielectrophoresis”. ECS Transactions, 72 (1), 105-114 (2016). Accepted Manuscript

39. R. Natu, M. Islam and R. Martinez-Duarte, “Shrinkage Analysis of Carbon Micro Structures Derived from SU-8 Photoresist”. ECS Transactions, 72 (1), 27-33 (2016). Accepted Manuscript

38. E. Giogli, M. Islam and R. Martinez-Duarte, “Fabricating Suspended Carbon Wires Using SU-8 Photolithography”. ECS Transactions, 72 (1), 125-134 (2016) Accepted Manuscript

37. J. Flach, P. Figuereido de Lima, J. Sparks, M. Islam and R. Martinez-Duarte, “Synthesis of Titanium Oxycarbide through carbothermal reduction of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and renewable polymers”. ECS Transactions, 72 (1), 17-23 (2016). Accepted Manuscript

36. T. Benavidez, R. Martinez-Duarte and C. Garcia, “Analytical Methodologies Using Carbon Substrates developed by PyrolysisAnalytical Methods, 8, 4163-4176(2016). Invited Review. Front Cover.

35. J. Gilmore, M. Islam and R. Martinez-Duarte, “The challenges to the use of Compact Disc-based Centrifugal Microfluidics for Healthcare Diagnostics at the Extreme Point of CareMicromachines, 7, (4), 52 (2016). Invited Review. Open Access.

2015

34. M. Islam, R. Natu and R. Martinez-Duarte, “A study on the limits and advantages of using desktop cutter plotter to fabricate microfluidic networksMicrofluidics and Nanofluidics, 19, (4), 973-985 (2015). Accepted Manuscript

33. M. Islam, R. Natu and R. Martinez-Duarte, “Additive Manufacturing of Carbides using Renewable ResourcesProceedings of the ASME 2015 IMECE: Houston, TX Nov. 13-19, Volume 2B: Advanced Manufacturing, V02BT02A055 (2015). Accepted Manuscript

32. R. Natu, M. Islam and R. Martinez-Duarte, “Conical carbon electrodes for single-cell manipulationProceedings of the ASME 2015 IMECE: Houston, TX Nov. 13-19,  Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering, V003T03A077 (2015).  Accepted Manuscript

31. M. Islam, R. Natu and R. Martinez-Duarte, “Carbon MEMS for Selected Lab-on-a-chip applications” in “Carbon: The Next Silicon” edited by V. Perez, B. Pramanick and M. Madou. Momentum Press (2015).

30.M. Islam, R. Natu and R. Martinez-Duarte, “C-MEMS” in “Encyclopedia of Nanotechnology” edited by B. Bhushan. Springer (2015). Accepted Manuscript

2014

29. Martinez-Duarte, “SU-8 Photolithography as a Toolbox for Carbon MEMS”. Micromachines, 5, (3), 766-782 (2014). Invited Review published in the special issue: 15 years of SU-8 as MEMS material. Open Access

28. M. Elitas, R. Martinez-Duarte, N. Dhar, J. McKinney and P. Renaud, “Dielectrophoresis-based purification of antibiotic-treated bacterial subpopulations”. Lab on a Chip, 14, (11) 1850-1857 (2014). VideoAccepted Manuscript

27. D. Bonzon, R. Martinez-Duarte, P. Renaud and M. Madou, “Biomimetic Pieris rapae’s Nanostructure and its use as a simple Sucrose Sensors”. Micromachines, 5, (2), 216-227 (2014). Open access.

26. R. Martinez-Duarte, “Carbon-electrode Dielectrophoresis for Bioparticle Manipulation”. ECS Transactions, 61, (7), 11-22 (2014). Accepted Manuscript

2013

25. R. Martinez-Duarte “Micromanufacturing Technologies in Dielectrophoresis Applications”, Application focus of the AES Electrophoresis Society, September, 2013.

24. R. Martinez-Duarte, F. Camacho-Alanis, P. Renaud and A. Ros, “Dielectrophoresis of lambda-DNA using 3D carbon electrodesElectrophoresis, 34, 1113-1122 (2013).

23. M.C. Jaramillo, R. Martinez-Duarte, M. Hüttener, P. Renaud, E. Torrents and A. Juarez, “Increasing PCR sensitivity by removal of Polymerase inhibitors in natural samples using Dielectrophoresis”. Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 43, 297-303 (2013).

2012

22. R. Martinez-Duarte, “Easy and Inexpensive fabrication of PDMS films“, RSC Chips and Tips, Royal Society of Chemistry (2012). Full Protocol with pictures

21. R. Martinez-Duarte, “Microfabrication Technologies in Dielectrophoresis Applications – a review”, Electrophoresis, 33, 3110-3132 (2012). Accepted Manuscript

20. G. Mernier, R. Martinez-Duarte, R. Lehal, F. Radtke and P. Renaud, “Very High throughput electrical cell lysis and extraction of intracellular compounds using 3D carbon electrodes in lab-on-a-chip devicesMicromachines, 3, 574-581 (2012). Open Access.

19. J. Schroers, G. Kumar, M. Madou and R. Martinez-Duarte, “Carbon molds for use in the Fabrication of Bulk Metallic Glasses Parts and Molds” WO/2010/111701, US 2012/0125071 A1.

2011

18. R. Martinez-Duarte and M. Madou, “3D Carbon-electrode Dielectrophoresis”, Application focus of the AES Electrophoresis Society, October, 2011. www.aesociety.org/areas/dielectrophoresis.php

17. R. Martinez-Duarte, P. Renaud and M. J. Madou, “A novel approach to dielectrophoresis using carbon electrodesElectrophoresis, 32, 2385-2392 (2011). Accepted Manuscript

16. Rammohan, P. K. Dwivedi, R. Martinez-Duarte, H. Katepalli, M. J. Madou and A. Sharma, “One-step Grayscale technique for the fabrication of 3-dimensional structuresSensors and Actuators B, 153, 1, 125-134 (2011).

15. R. Martinez-Duarte and M. Madou. “SU-8 Photolithography and its impact on Microfluidics” in Microfluidics and Nanofluidics Handbook – Fabrication, Implementation and Applications edited by S. Mitra and S. Chakraborty. CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, 231-268 (2011). PDF

14. J. Gomez-Quiñones, H. Moncada-Hernandez, O.  Rosetto, R. Martinez-Duarte,  B. Lapizco-Encinas, M. Madou, S.O. Martinez-Chapa, “An application specific multi-channel stimulator for electrokinetically-driven microfluidic devices”, Proceedings of IEEE NEWCAS, Grenoble, France (10/2011).

2010

13. R. Martinez-Duarte “Label-free Cell sorting using Carbon-electrode Dielectrophoresis and Centrifugal Microfluidics“, PhD Dissertation, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine (2010). PDF

12. R. Martinez-Duarte, R. Gorkin, K. Abi-Samra, M. Madou, “The integration of 3D Carbon-electrode Dielectrophoresis on a CD-like Centrifugal Microfluidic PlatformLab-on-a-chip, 10, 8, 1030-1043 (2010). Accepted Manuscript

11. M. C. Jaramillo, E. Torrents, R. Martinez-Duarte, M. Madou and A. Juarez, “On-line separation of bacterial cells by carbon-electrode dielectrophoresisElectrophoresis, 31, 2921-2928 (2010).

10. J.-I. Heo, D.-S. Shim, R. Martinez-Duarte, M. Madou and H. Shin, “3-D Carbon Interdigitated Array Nanoelectrodes for sensing neurotransmitters” Proceedings of microTAS; Gronigen, The Netherlands (10/2010).

2009

9.  R. Martinez-Duarte, G. Turon Teixidor, P. Mukherjee, Q. Kang and M. J. Madou,
Perspectives of Micro and Nanofabrication of Carbon for Electrochemical and Microfluidic Applications” in Microfluidics and Microfabrication edited by S. Chakraborty, Springer, 181-263 (2009). PDF

8. R. Martinez-Duarte, M. J. Madou, G. Kumar and J. Schroers, “A novel method for Amorphous Metal Micromolding using Carbon MEMS” Proceedings of Transducers: Denver, CO (06/2009).

7. R. Martinez-Duarte, R. Gorkin, K. Abi-Samra and M. J. Madou, “The Integration of 3D carbon Dielectrophoresis on a rotating platform” Proceedings of Transducers: Denver, CO (06/2009).

2008

6. R. Martinez-Duarte, S. Cito, E. Collado-Arredondo, S. O. Martinez and M. Madou, “Fluido-dynamic and Electromagnetic Characterization of 3D Carbon Dielectrophoresis with Finite Element AnalysisSensors & Transducers Journal, 3, 25-36 (2008). Open Access. PDF

5. R. Martinez-Duarte, “Easy and Inexpensive fabrication of PDMS films“, RSC Chips and Tips, Royal Society of Chemistry (2012). Full Protocol with pictures

4. R. Martinez-Duarte, J. Andrade-Roman, S. O. Martinez and M. Madou,  “A High Throughput Multi-stage, Multi-frequency Filter and Separation Device based on Carbon Dielectrophoresis” Proceedings of NSTI-Nanotech: Boston, MA(06/2008).

3. R. Martinez-Duarte, S. Cito, E. Collado-Arredondo, S. O. Martinez and M. Madou, “Fluido-dynamic and Electromagnetic Characterization of  3D Carbon Dielectrophoresis with Finite Element Analysis” Proceedings of NSTI-Nanotech: Boston, MA (06/2008).

2007

2. R. Martinez-Duarte and M. Madou “Quick and cheap syringe-tubing interfacing” Chips and Tips, Royal Society of Chemistry (20007).  Full Protocol with pictures

1. R. Martinez-Duarte, H. A. Rouabah, N. G. Green, M. Madou and H. Morgan, “Higher Efficiency and Throughput in Particle Separation with 3D Dielectrophoresis with C-MEMS”. Proceedings of microTAS: Paris, France (10/2007).

PhD Dissertations

D. Keck “A Multifunctional Tool for the Electrokinetic Manipulation and
Characterization of Cells” PhD Dissertation, Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University (2021).

R. Natu, “Investigating the use of Streaming and Robotic Dielectrophoresis to enable continuous cell sorting and automatic cell transfer in sample preparation” PhD Dissertation, Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University (2018).

M. Islam, “Advanced Manufacturing of Lightweight Porous Carbide Shapes using Renewable resources” PhD Dissertation, Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University (2018).

R. Martinez-Duarte “Label-free Cell sorting using Carbon-electrode Dielectrophoresis and Centrifugal Microfluidics“, PhD Dissertation, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine (2010). PDF

MS Thesis

J. Bentley Bevis, “Additive Manufacturing of Porous Tungsten Carbide Structural Electrode Components using Robocasting” MS Thesis, Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University (2024).

S. Baddam “A study of the synthesis of cellulose by the bacteria Komagataeibacter xylinus (K. xylinus) when under the action of an electric field in a microfluidic reactor” MS Thesis, Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University (2020).

S. Muhamed “Assessing Temperature Differences on a sample heated in a tube furnace under vacuum” MS Thesis, Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University  (2018).

E. Giogli, “Fabricating Suspended Carbon Structures Using SU-8 Photolithography” MS, Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University (2016).  PDF

R. Martinez-Duarte “Fabrication of Carbon Micro Molds”, MS, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine (2009). PDF

Chips and Tips

R. Martinez-Duarte, “Easy and Inexpensive fabrication of PDMS films“, RSC Chips and Tips, Royal Society of Chemistry (2012). Full Protocol with pictures

R. Martinez-Duarte and M. Madou “Quick and cheap syringe-tubing interfacing” Chips and Tips, Royal Society of Chemistry (20007).  Full Protocol with pictures